Clinical Studies
NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)
We've compiled transparent credible research and human clinical studies for our ingredients used in Simply Nootropics formulas.
The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)
Effect of oral administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide on clinical parameters and nicotinamide metabolite levels in healthy Japanese men.
The Safety and Antiaging Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in Human Clinical Trials
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) intake increases plasma NMN and insulin levels in healthy subjects
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Augmentation in Overweight or Obese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Physiologic Study
The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial
Effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide on older patients with diabetes and impaired physical performance: A prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind study
Clinical evaluation of changes in biomarkers by oral intake of NMN
Effect of 12-Week Intake of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Sleep Quality, Fatigue, and Physical Performance in Older Japanese Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
Ingestion of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide increased blood NAD+ levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults
This study shows that NMN intake for 12 weeks increased blood NAD+ levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults.
Therapeutic effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide on Alzheimer's disease
This study demonstrates NMN's potential in treating Alzheimer's disease by enhancing autophagy and reducing oxidative stress.
Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
This meta-analysis provides an overview of NMN's effects on glucose control and lipid profile in human studies.
β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation prolongs the lifespan and delays gut ageing in Zmpste24−/− mice
This study shows NMN's potential in prolonging lifespan and delaying gut aging in a mouse model.
The effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation on metabolic health: a systematic review with meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials
This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of NMN's effects on metabolic health markers in humans.
Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha, also known as Indian Ginseng, is a renowned adaptogenic herb used traditionally to alleviate stress and enhance vitality. Also Known As: Withania somnifera (scientific name), Winter Cherry.
A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Safety and Efficacy
An Overview on Ashwagandha: A Rasayana (Rejuvenator) of Ayurveda
Safety of Ashwagandha Root Extract: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Study in Healthy Volunteers
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)—Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review
An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract
Alpha Lipoic Acid
Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring compound that functions as a powerful antioxidant in the body. Also Known As: Thioctic Acid.
Cognitive and Mood Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation in a Nonclinical Elder Sample: An Open-Label Pilot Study
Alpha-lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Alzheimer's disease—a 48 months follow-up analysis
Alpha lipoic acid treatment in late middle age improves cognitive function: Proteomic analysis of the protective mechanisms in the hippocampus
Antioxidants for Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial With Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Measures
Alleviative Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Cognitive Impairment in High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Bacopa Monnieri
Bacopa Monnieri, commonly known as Brahmi, is a staple plant in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, revered for its cognitive-enhancing properties. Also Known As: Water Hyssop, Herb of Grace.
Bacopa monnieri as an Antioxidant Therapy to Reduce Oxidative Stress in the Aging Brain
The effectiveness of Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. as a nootropic, neuroprotective, or antidepressant supplement: analysis of the available clinical data
The Neurocognitive Effects of Bacopa Monnieri and Cognitive Training on Markers of Brain Microstructure in Healthy Older Adults
Pharmacological attributes of Bacopa Monnieri extract: Current updates and clinical manifestation
Bacopa Monnieri modulates antioxidant responses in brain and kidney
Citicoline
Citicoline, also known as CDP-Choline (Cytidine Diphosphate-Choline), is a naturally occurring brain chemical that functions as a cognitive enhancer. Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine.
Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Citicoline Improves Human Vigilance and Visual Working Memory: The Role of Neuronal Activation and Oxidative Stress
Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Is Citicoline Effective in Preventing and Slowing Down Dementia?—A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis
Citicoline: A Novel Therapeutic Agent with Neuroprotective, Neuromodulatory, and Neuroregenerative Properties
CoenzymeQ10 (CoQ10)
Coenzyme Q10, often abbreviated as CoQ10, is a naturally occurring antioxidant that plays a critical role in cellular energy production. Also Known As: Ubiquinone, Ubidecarenone.
Coenzyme Q10: Clinical Applications beyond Cardiovascular Diseases
CoQ10 and Cognition a Review and Study Protocol for a 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Cognitive Effects of Ubiquinol in the Healthy Elderly
Investigation of coenzyme Q10 status, serum amyloid-β, and tau protein in patients with dementia
Prolonged Intake of Coenzyme Q10 Impairs Cognitive Functions
DHA
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) is a long-chain omega-3 fatty acid crucial for brain health and cognitive function. Also Known As: 22:6(n-3) (scientific notation for its chemical structure)
Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease
Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Trial
The Supplementation of Docosahexaenoic Acid-Concentrated Fish Oil Enhances Cognitive Function in Puppies
Beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid on cognition in age-related cognitive decline
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo Biloba, often simply called Ginkgo, is one of the oldest living tree species, renowned for its medicinal properties, particularly in enhancing cognitive function. Also Known As: Maidenhair Tree.
Randomized Clinical Trials Testing the Improvement of Cognitive Function of Ginkgo biloba Extract in Healthy People and Alzheimer's Patients
Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extract Against AD and Other Neurological Disorders
Effectiveness and safety of Ginkgo Biloba preparations in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ginkgo Biloba in the Aging Process: A Narrative Review
Antioxidant clinical trials in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Jyotishmati
Jyotishmati, scientifically known as Celastrus paniculatus, is a climbing shrub traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine for its cognitive-enhancing properties Also Known As: Intellect Tree, Malkangani, Staff Tree.
Behavioral and Biochemical Evidences for Antidepressant-Like Activity of Celastrus Paniculatus Seed Oil
Neuroprotective potential of Celastrus paniculatus seeds
NR (Nicotinamide Riboside)
Nicotinamide riboside for peripheral artery disease - Nature
This randomized clinical trial demonstrated beneficial effects of NR on walking performance in patients with peripheral artery disease.
A randomized placebo-controlled trial of nicotinamide riboside in older adults with mild cognitive impairment
This study showed that NR was safe and increased blood NAD+ levels in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.
NR-SAFE: a randomized, double-blind safety trial of high dose nicotinamide riboside in Parkinson's disease
This trial supported extending the dose range of NR in phase II clinical trials to 3000 mg per day for Parkinson's disease patients.
Long-Term Nicotinamide Riboside Use Improves Coordination and Eye Movement in Ataxia Telangiectasia Patients
Long-term use of NR was safe, well-tolerated, and improved motor coordination and eye movements in patients with Ataxia Telangiectasia.
Dietary Supplementation With NAD+-Boosting Compounds in Humans
This review summarized various clinical trials on NR, highlighting its safety and efficacy in increasing NAD+ levels.
Nicotinamide riboside improves muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, satellite cell differentiation, and gut microbiota in a twin study
Long-term NR supplementation improved mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic health in humans.
The NADPARK study: A randomized phase I trial of nicotinamide riboside supplementation in Parkinson's disease
NR treatment was well-tolerated and led to a significant increase in cerebral NAD levels in Parkinson's disease patients.
Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults
This study demonstrated that chronic NR supplementation was well-tolerated and effectively elevated NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of nicotinamide riboside in obese men: safety, insulin-sensitivity, and lipid-mobilizing effects
This trial showed that 12 weeks of NR supplementation was safe but did not improve insulin sensitivity in obese, insulin-resistant men.
Safety and Metabolism of Long-term Administration of NIAGEN (Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride) in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Healthy Overweight Adults
This study established the safety and efficacy of long-term NR supplementation in healthy overweight adults.
Repeat dose NRPT (nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene) increases NAD+ levels in humans safely and sustainably: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
This study showed that a combination of NR and pterostilbene increased NAD+ levels safely and sustainably in humans.
Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults
This study demonstrated that chronic NR supplementation was well-tolerated and effectively elevated NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
First human clinical trial for nicotinamide riboside
This first human trial of NR established its safety and ability to increase NAD+ levels in humans.
Nicotinamide riboside is uniquely and orally bioavailable in mice and humans
This study established the unique oral bioavailability of NR in humans and its ability to increase NAD+ metabolism.
Nicotinamide Riboside Augments the Aged Human Skeletal Muscle NAD+ Metabolome and Induces Transcriptomic and Anti-inflammatory Signatures
This study showed that NR supplementation increased the skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolome and induced anti-inflammatory effects in aged humans.
L-Theanine
L-Theanine is an amino acid well-known for its calming effects on the brain, often found in green tea. Also Known As: γ-Glutamylethylamide, Green tea extract
L-theanine, a natural constituent in tea, and its effect on mental state
The Effects of Green Tea Amino Acid L-Theanine Consumption on the Ability to Manage Stress and Anxiety Levels
Green tea effects on cognition, mood and human brain function
A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study
Effect of Green Tea Phytochemicals on Mood and Cognition
Lions Mane Mushroom
Lion's Mane Mushroom, scientifically known as Hericium erinaceus, is a unique, edible fungus celebrated for its brain health benefits. Also Known As: Yamabushitake, Hedgehog Mushroom, Satyr's Beard.
Neurotrophic properties of the Lion's mane medicinal mushroom
The effects of twenty-one nutrients and phytonutrients on cognitive function
Therapeutic Potential of Hericium erinaceus for Depressive Disorder
Magnesium L-Threonate
Magnesium L-Threonate is a form of magnesium that is especially effective in crossing the blood-brain barrier, enhancing cognitive functions. Also Known As: Magnesium L-Threonate, Magtein™ (a patented form of Magnesium Threonate).
Regulation of structural and functional synapse density by L-threonate through modulation of intraneuronal magnesium concentration
Enhancemenmt of Learning and Memory by Elevating Brain Magnesium
Elevation of Brain Magnesium Prevents and Reverses Cognitive Deficits and Synaptic Loss in Alzheimer's Disease
A Megtein(R), Magnesium L-threonate, - based formula improves brain cognitive functions in healthy CA
Magnesium Orotate
Magnesium Orotate is a compound that combines magnesium with orotic acid, known for its ability to support heart health and enhance cellular energy production. Also Known As: Magnesium salt of orotic acid.
The effect of Magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
Panax Ginseng
Panax Ginseng, often referred to as Korean or Asian Ginseng, is a highly valued herb known for its adaptogenic properties and cognitive-enhancing effects. Also Known As: True Ginseng, Korean Ginseng, Asian Ginseng.
Panax ginseng enhances cognitive performance in Alzheimer disease
Panax ginseng clinical trials: Current status and future perspectives
Passionflower
Passionflower, scientifically known as Passiflora incarnata, is a flowering plant renowned for its calming and sleep-inducing properties. Also Known As: Maypop, Purple Passionflower, Wild Apricot.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality
Passiflora incarnata in Neuropsychiatric Disorders-A Systematic Review
Effects of Passiflora incarnata Linnaeus on polysomnographic sleep
Pine Bark
NZ Pine Bark, derived from the bark of pine trees, is known for its rich content of proanthocyanidins, powerful antioxidants that support various health functions. Also Known As: Often associated with specific species, such as Maritime Pine Bark (Pinus pinaster), from which the well-known extract Pycnogenol® is derived.
Evaluation of the effects of pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients in an intensive care unit
Resveratrol
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol known for its potent antioxidant properties and its role in promoting longevity and heart health. Also Known As: 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene.
Idebenone and resveratrol extend lifespan and improve motor function
Brief Communication: SIR-2.1-dependent lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans by oxyresveratrol and resveratrol
Dietary Mitophagy Enhancer: A Strategy for Healthy Brain Aging
Targeting mTOR signaling by polyphenols
Rhodiola Rosea
Rhodiola Rosea, commonly known as Golden Root or Arctic Root, is a herb renowned for its adaptogenic properties and ability to enhance mental and physical stamina. Also Known As: Roseroot, King's Crown.
Salidroside, a Bioactive Compound of Rhodiola Rosea, Ameliorates Memory and Emotional Behavior
Nootropic Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees as Potential Cognitive Enhancers
TMG
Betaine Trimethylglycine, commonly known as Betaine, is a compound derived from the amino acid choline and is known for its role in methylation processes in the body.
Also Known As: TMG, Glycine Betaine
Effects of betaine on performance and body composition
Effect of homocysteine-lowering nutrients on blood lipids: results
Beneficial Effects of Betaine: A comprehensive Review
Tart Cherry
Tart Cherry, scientifically known as Prunus cerasus, is a fruit known for its rich antioxidant content and natural sleep-enhancing properties. Also Known As: Sour Cherry, Montmorency Cherry (a popular variety).
Effect of tart cherry (Prunus cerasus) on melatonin levels
Pilot Study of the Tart Cherry for the Treatment of Insomnia
Collagen
Effects of Hydrolyzed Collagen as a Dietary Supplement...
This systematic review found that hydrolyzed collagens or collagen peptides at concentrations of 50-500 μg/mL are sufficient to stimulate fibroblasts in human and animal tissues without inducing toxicity. Different enzymatic processes may confer distinct biological properties to collagens, allowing for scenarios favoring fibroblast promotion or antioxidant effects.
Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging. It found that ingestion of hydrolyzed collagen for 90 days significantly reduced wrinkles, improved skin elasticity, and enhanced skin hydration.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
This study investigated the effect of orally ingested collagen peptides on skin condition. Results showed increased water content in the stratum corneum and epidermis, decreased transepidermal water loss, and increased natural moisturizing factor levels in the stratum corneum after 12 weeks of treatment.
Exploring the Impact of Hydrolyzed Collagen Oral Supplementation...
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies with 967 participants found that a 12-week regimen of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation consistently demonstrated substantial enhancements in skin moisture levels and elasticity compared to placebo.
24-Week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary...
This 24-week study investigated the effect of collagen hydrolysate on activity-related joint pain in physically active individuals. Results showed significant improvements in various joint pain parameters, especially in subjects with knee arthralgia.
The effect of oral collagen peptide supplementation on skin moisture...
This study found that oral collagen peptide supplementation significantly increased skin hydration after 8 weeks, increased collagen density in the dermis, and decreased fragmentation of the dermal collagen network after 4 weeks of supplementation.
Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation prior to resistance exercise...
This study examined the dose-response effect of hydrolyzed collagen ingestion before resistance exercise on collagen turnover in middle-aged, resistance-trained men. Ingesting 15 g of hydrolyzed collagen rescued the collagen synthesis response, while 30 g further augmented that response.
Low-molecular-weight collagen peptides supplement promotes a ...
This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study evaluated the effects of low-molecular-weight collagen peptides on skin health in 100 participants over 12 weeks. Results showed significant improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, and wrinkle reduction in the collagen group compared to the placebo group.
Exploring the Impact of Hydrolyzed Collagen Oral Supplementation ...
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies with 967 participants found that a 12-week regimen of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation consistently demonstrated substantial enhancements in skin moisture levels and elasticity compared to placebo.
24-Week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary ...
This 24-week study investigated the effect of collagen hydrolysate on activity-related joint pain in physically active individuals. Results showed significant improvements in various joint pain parameters, especially in subjects with knee arthralgia.
The effect of oral collagen peptide supplementation on skin moisture ...
This study found that oral collagen peptide supplementation significantly increased skin hydration after 8 weeks, increased collagen density in the dermis, and decreased fragmentation of the dermal collagen network after 4 weeks of supplementation.
Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation prior to resistance exercise ...
This study examined the dose-response effect of hydrolyzed collagen ingestion before resistance exercise on collagen turnover in middle-aged, resistance-trained men. Ingesting 15 g of hydrolyzed collagen rescued the collagen synthesis response, while 30 g further augmented that response.
